TechMaster. Installation, configuration. Operating rules / Operating rules / Do-it-yourself canopy: how to quickly build a beautiful and reliable canopy from scrap materials. Photo ideas, do-it-yourself canopy drawings, How to make a canopy from what

Do-it-yourself canopy: how to quickly build a beautiful and reliable canopy from scrap materials. Photo ideas, do-it-yourself canopy drawings, How to make a canopy from what

01.11.2023

A canopy for a private home is one of the most common structures, which carries a significant functional load. However, in order for utility to be combined with ergonomics, it is necessary to carefully consider the type of structure and location of the extension.

Classification of canopies attached to the house

Canopies near the house usually serve as protection from precipitation. They are used to cover terraces, verandas, patios or as a covered parking space for a car. Depending on the functional load, their area may be sufficient to accommodate garden furniture or even a barbecue.

An original multi-level polycarbonate canopy attached to the house; in the photo there is a multi-dome structure protecting the summer area of the cafe

Veranda canopy

It is an extension that protects the entrance to the house from bad weather. It can be placed either on the front of the house or adjacent to the rear of the building, opening onto the garden. In this case, the area of the canopy can be increased, and the veranda itself can be used as a recreation area.

A canopy for a house made of polycarbonate, in the photo there is a structure with wooden load-bearing beams and rafters

Terrace canopy

Terraces usually have a larger area than verandas and can be located on the upper floors of a building or on the terrain. There are gable buildings; they have the same roof as the house. Usually equipped with several support posts. Single-pitch structures are the most common, as they are quite cheap and easy to construct. Attaching such a canopy to a house made of metal profiles with your own hands is quite within the capabilities of even a less experienced craftsman. Often terraces are corner or encircle the entire house. In this case, the canopy can only cover part of the extension.

Massive terrace canopies attached to the house, photo of a recreation area with a decorative fireplace

Carport

The leaders among protective structures for cars are polycarbonate carports attached to the house. Such products are most often produced in factories and sold in the form of ready-made kits, which you can assemble yourself.

Polycarbonate canopy attached to the house, photo of a standard design with a metal frame

The shape of the wall canopy and the material from which it will be made should be selected based on the following criteria:

The feasibility and functional load carried by the structure - is the structure needed at all and, if so, what will it be used for;
Stylistic parameters - will the extension have a common style with the house and be a harmoniously integrated component of it, or will it stand out as a design accent to the exterior of the building;
The price of materials and construction work for the construction of the structure.

Awnings

These structures are also sheds attached to the house. In turn, the following types of products are distinguished:

Retractable – with manual or electric drive. Some manufacturers offer a special case where the folded awning will be stored safely during a long absence of the owners.
Basket - the fabric is stretched over a semicircular or rectangular frame with folding stiffeners.
Awnings with poles – thanks to the additional support point, they can withstand significant loads. Used to protect large areas.

An awning attached to the wall is used as car parking

Construction materials

Artificial and natural stone, brick, and concrete blocks are widely used as the basis for an attached canopy to a house. In addition, in budget options for canopies in front of the house, various pipes are often used - metal (round or square) or asbestos.

Canopy in front of the house, photo of brick supports

The materials used for the frame are more varied:

Metal – has great strength and ductility, suitable for most styles from modernism to high-tech. An important feature is the possibility of modular assembly of ready-made structures, while the tolerances on the dimensions of parts and the placement of technological holes are minimal, which makes it easy to do it yourself. The main disadvantages are the laboriousness of self-processing and the need to periodically update the anti-corrosion coating.

Wooden beams - wood frames are perfectly combined with both traditional roofing materials and modern high-tech ones. The tree itself suits most classical styles and architectural designs of the building, but such structures look most harmonious in houses made of logs or rounded logs.

Despite the apparent primitiveness and conservatism of wood, you can build quite interesting and beautiful extensions to the house. In addition, it is quite easy to process, so if you have the appropriate tools and basic knowledge, you can build a wooden canopy for your house with your own hands. The main disadvantage of this material is the inability to create thin, elegant structures and susceptibility to rotting, fungal and insect attack, which requires systematic treatment with antiseptics and fire retardants.

The original rafter system of the canopy attached to the house, photo of the structure with a barbecue

Anodized aluminum profiles are one of the most modern building materials that provide a sufficient level of strength with maximum lightness of construction. The main disadvantage of an aluminum canopy is its exorbitant price. It should be noted that most options for canopies adjacent to the house are made using a combination of materials.

Aluminum frames of polycarbonate canopies attached to the house, photo design supported by tension rods

Important! Despite the manufacturer's guarantees (especially Chinese ones), it is necessary to check the strength of the connections and the integrity of the cast structures of the purchased set. In addition, you need to take into account the snow load of the area where the canopy is installed.

Roofing materials

The most popular roof coverings at the moment are polymer materials, in particular monolithic and cellular polycarbonate. In second place in terms of use are metal tiles and metal profiles. In third place are flexible tiles (roofing felt) and slate. However, it should be noted that when choosing a material for covering, you need to be guided by the rule that the same covering for the house is the same for the canopies.

A canopy attached to a house, made of corrugated sheets, photo - the roofing material of the extension is similar to the roof of the house

Instructions for making and attaching a canopy

The technology for making a canopy is not much different from the process of building a roof. Regardless of the type of placement: side, front or corner canopy for a house, the design has common elements and consists of:

Rafter system,
Outer side supports,
Base (foundation) for columns;
Coatings;
Fasteners and anchors.

At the very beginning of the construction of a canopy for a house, the project must provide for the height of the future structure, its geometry (shape and area) and the angle of the roof. A 50x150 mm board is attached to the wall to which the canopy is attached at a height of approximately 2 m. Installation is carried out directly into the board with anchor bolts. This board is the internal support to which the rafter beams will be attached.

To install external supports, you must have a 100x100 beam, a 50x50 square metal pipe, or a rounded log with a diameter of 80-100 mm. It is allowed to construct supports from piece materials - stone, brick, concrete blocks. The height of the pillars should be less based on the angle of inclination of the roof slope of 20-25°.

Drawing of the placement of the main structural elements of a lean-to canopy for a house

Wall support;
Lathing;
External support (column);
Base (concreted anchor);
Mauerlat;
Stopila;
Wall anchors.

The base for the pillars can be a shallow foundation: columnar or using screw piles. The main rule, compliance with which will help prevent deformation of load-bearing structures due to swelling of the soil. The foundation should be below the freezing level of the soil in the area.

When using lightweight materials, concreting pillars directly in the foundation holes is allowed. In this case, in addition to reinforcement, it is necessary to additionally treat the dug-in part of the supports:

Metal poles are primed with red lead;
Wooden posts - impregnated with drying oil, automotive waste or special antiseptics;
Asbestos poles can be installed without prior preparation.

A mauerlat - a beam with a cross section of 100x100 mm - is laid on the pillars. The locations of rafter locks are marked on it. The rafters themselves are made longer than the distance from the wall to the mauerlat by 20-30 cm. The cut angle is marked on them, and appropriate cutouts are made for a tighter installation.

Particular attention must be paid to where the canopy meets the wall.

Scheme of attaching a canopy to a house - main structural elements

Dowel nail;
Adjacency;
Self-tapping screw;
Lathing;
Roof;
Support;
Mauerlat;
Rafter;
Wall support board;
Fastening anchor.

It is when the joint is performed incorrectly that leaks from rain or thawed snow form here. In order to avoid this, use abutment corners with a shelf width of at least 150 mm. They are installed last on top of the roofing material. On the surface of the canopy, the abutments are fixed with roofing screws with elastic polymer washers under the heads. They are attached to the wall using dowel nails, and if the wall is wooden, then with ordinary wood screws. The edge of the corner adjacent to the wall is treated with silicone sealant.

Summing up

From the given instructions you can see how to make a canopy for your house with your own hands, using a minimum amount of materials and not too complicated construction processes. However, most structures are more complex, and if the goal is to make not only a functional, but also a beautiful extension, then the cost of construction can increase by an order of magnitude.

Very often, owners of private buildings attach a canopy to their house in order to take advantage of all its practical advantages, as well as to make their property look attractive. The only drawback of such an area is that it cannot be used in winter (perhaps an attached winter garden would be more suitable for you), but the rest of the time it will be pleasant to relax here, enjoy fresh air, relax with your family and receive guests.

Today we will look at options on how to properly build a canopy in the yard at minimal cost and in a short time.

Purpose and design features

Serving a variety of functions, a beautiful yard canopy can be designed in a variety of ways. The classification of such extensions is carried out taking into account the following factors.

Based on this feature, canopies are divided into:

single- and double-slope inclined types;
multifaceted and straight. The first include pyramids, original arcs, graceful domes, exotic arches, and polygons.

Location

This feature distinguishes between a free-standing landscape element and a canopy attached to the house in front of the entrance or representing a continuation of the terrace.

Material

Here you can highlight popular options for stone and wooden extensions. Sometimes polycarbonate or a combined technique is used for installation.

For a long time, metal tile and slate components were used for roofing, but now almost everyone prefers polycarbonate. Such demand for this material is due to its flexibility and ease of installation, resistance to mechanical stress and the vagaries of weather. When constructing a canopy near a house using polycarbonate, it is very easy to cut this material into parts of any shape. To perform such an operation, it is enough to have a stationery knife or jigsaw.

It will not be difficult to attach sheets to a wide variety of bases made of wood, plastic or metal. Polyurethane glue perfectly holds polycarbonate parts together.

So what can you use to make an original canopy for your home at the lowest cost? Let's look at the two most popular methods.

Canopy with slate on a metal frame base

If you read the instructions, building an object adjacent to the house is not as difficult as it sometimes seems. First of all, you should pay attention to the fact that we are using all the free space in front of the house. We determine the size of the territory used and the volume of necessary materials.

In our case, we will consider the option of working on an area of 6.5 square meters. m.

Tools and materials

To carry out the entire range of activities, you will need to purchase:

Profile pipe with parameters 40x40x1.5 mm. 3 pipes 6 m long are required.
We will prepare a pipe of 80x40x2 mm in the same quantity and the same length.
Binding material – 2 bags of cement.
Edged boards - 9 pieces of 6 meters each with dimensions 40x150 mm.
Slate of eight-wave modification 1.15x1.75 m in the amount of 20 sheets.
50 pieces of slate nails.
About a cubic meter of sand and crushed stone.
2 kg of primer for metal.
A bayonet shovel and a rake, a brush.

A set of high-quality tools will make the process of constructing a canopy along the house pleasant and easy. To do this you will need a set of certain equipment:

reliable welding machine;
1 pack of electrodes with a diameter of 3 mm;
face shield;
convenient hammer;
4 pieces of cutting discs for metal with a diameter of 125 mm and one for grinding. Disc thickness – from 1.6 to 2 mm;
Bulgarian.

The canopy of the designated area will be simple in design due to the lack of dimensional parts.

Installation work

How to properly make a canopy for your house with your own hands and get the desired result in a short time? The solution to this problem is achieved by strictly observing the sequence of all stages of the production process:

A beautiful canopy for a wall always begins with a simple but very important process - marking for future supporting components and checking the identity of the distances between opposite corners of the perimeter, checking the required dimensions. Taking into account the selected dimensions of the pipes, we dig holes under the supports. The dimensions of the holes are one and a half bayonet widths and 0.6-0.9 meters deep. To ensure water drainage from the roof, we calculate the slope with parameters of 10 cm per linear meter of the roof. For our option, we plan the upper racks to be 3.3 m long, and the lower ones will be 2.7 m long.
Square flanges are welded onto the supporting elements of the canopies near the house. A support element at the bottom and a platform for welding plugs and rafter components at the top will provide protection against subsidence. In addition, plugs on the 80x40x2 pipe will prevent the appearance of internal rust. Cleaned and primed areas of welding application are coated with paint.
Before installation, check the dimensions and fill the supporting units with cement mortar. After giving the material a day to harden, we lay 80x40 mm rafter pipes. In this case, welding requires a slight exit beyond the perimeter of the rack.
How to further build a canopy for the house using only your own strength? First, you need to lay out the entire board and slate so that the sheet at the bottom has an outlet of roofing material within 150-200 mm, and each lower roofing element overlaps the upper one by 100-120 mm. We cut the issue of boards on the sides to the same length, approximately 5-15 cm. After this, we calculate, not forgetting the need to overlap one wave, the length of the slate row. Connecting boards using nailing and subsequent welding on the inside remains the most affordable option. You can attach the board with self-tapping screws. A hole is drilled at the connection point and a countersunk hole is made for screwing.

Construction of a canopy made of wood

This method is very popular due to the minimal cost of improvement. Let's look at how to properly make a beautiful canopy for your house.

Design stage

To avoid problems during the work, it is important to take the development stage of the canopy project with full responsibility.

It is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the façade and foundation of a permanent structure. It is important to take into account such climatic factors as the wind rose, the amount of snow cover in this zone, and access to a certain part of the world. You need to clarify in advance the design of the canopy in the yard, the shape and dimensions of the structure. An extension made from this material will look perfect and be conveniently mounted above the porch.

Careful determination of the parameters of a clean roof is mandatory for easy and quick installation.

Arrangement of racks and rafters

One of the important stages in the construction of wooden canopies for a house is the choice of construction material. Any option will do, but try to use pine if possible. The wood for this type of construction is distinguished by good durability, low weight and pleasant appearance.

A cross-section of 75x75 mm or more is recommended. The material is carefully inspected to ensure that there is no bark. The part installed in the ground is covered with agents that prevent rotting. The main rule during installation is to maintain the placement parameters of about 100 cm between the pillars and arrange them in a certain order so that the roof in the side parts has 50-100 mm of protrusion, and in the front - up to 200.
Half-meter wells are prepared along a common straight line while simultaneously checking suspended diagonals. A level is used to maintain the strict verticality of the racks. For reliable fixation, auxiliary bars are used. After completion of the work, these elements can be easily removed.

During construction, the internal space of the recesses is filled with concrete mortar or crushed stone. The method of using crushed stone looks more economical.

Trimming with a bevel according to the angle of inclination of the plane is done in the upper part of the pillars. This will allow the rafters to lie tightly on the ends of the beam.

The minimum height of the racks at the bottom of the slope is 1800 mm. Below this parameter is allowed when planning in this part of the rack or table.

150x50 mm beams, called rafters, are needed for installing the system. The indicated dimensions are optimal for a span with parameters of 6 meters, if the design weight and slope of the canopy adjacent to the house are correctly calculated.

The spacing between the rafters is 1 meter. You can attach the canopy to the wall or support board with one side of the rafters, and the other rests on the posts. For fixation, self-tapping screws or steel angles are used.

Final stage

How to properly make the roof of a canopy for a house with your own hands? To do this, it is important to arrange the sheathing strictly at right angles. 900 mm between the axes of the elements is a mandatory requirement for installing 30x160 mm edged boards. It is important that it is located at the joint areas and in the center of the slate or metal tiles.

We begin laying the covering. 11 screws are required for each sheet for screwing. Special gaskets ensure reliable fixation. Rows with 100 mm overlapping each other are laid starting from the bottom of the structure. Cutting is conveniently performed with a diamond-coated wheel installed in the grinder.

Now you have a wonderful extension! Now you can take care of the beautiful design and arrangement for a pleasant stay.

A dacha is a country house designed for a pleasant time in nature. I want to spend it usefully and comfortably, so everyone tries to improve their area. In the article we will share practical, original examples of what kind of awnings there are for a dacha, how to arrange a recreation area and a utility block.

Let’s look at the question of what is more profitable: to buy ready-made or to build your own awnings for your dacha; the photos will illustrate creative, inexpensive and ergonomic ideas. We'll tell you which materials are better and easier to build from.

Overview of canopies for summer cottages

For auto

For the porch

For the gazebo

For firewood

Sheds for a dacha are not just needed, but urgently needed; they provide shelter from rain, sun and wind, and you can spend time comfortably in closed structures even in the cold season.

The easiest and most cost-effective way to build a canopy at your dacha with your own hands: frame and fabric roof

The functionality of the buildings is varied:

car parking;
entry group;
roof over barbecue;
gazebos, pavilions;
greenhouses, greenhouses, greenhouses;
pool covers;
showers;
structures for firewood and tool storage;
extensions to a house, garage or bathhouse like a veranda or terrace;
covered “living” recreation areas, lined with climbing plants and grapes on the sides - pergolas, rotundas, galleries.
children's playgrounds equipped with a light roof;
canopy over the well and many others. etc.

Garden awnings made of polycarbonate on a metal profile frame for barbecues - simple, durable, reliable, safe

All garden sheds can be divided into three large groups:

Open - buildings on vertical supports under a light roof; the perimeter is often surrounded by greenery: bushes, grapes, climbing roses.

A simple garden canopy made from scrap materials and plants

Semi-closed - the most common type of canopy, a frame structure topped with a roof, with a parapet on the sides, and the openings are closed from bad weather and the sun with thick moisture-resistant curtains, decorative grilles, and soft glazing.

A covered gallery is a universal solution for small areas in front of the house; it can serve as a carport in the country or a place to relax

Indoor – comfortable, practical. These are stationary awnings for summer cottages, the openings of which are glazed or sheathed with sheet material, for example, polycarbonate.

A semi-closed canopy at the dacha, attached to the main house like a veranda

Design features

Mobile canopy for a shower in the country

Temporary

Let’s start the review with the simplest canopies for the dacha; the designs fully correspond to the dragonfly’s motto: ... “under every bush it had both a table and a house ready.” These are light, summer, mobile products that can be bought in the store:

swing with canopy;
mini-gazebos - monoblock with a roof, table, benches;
awnings;

Awning – convenient for organizing recreation areas

umbrellas, often complete with a folding table;
prefabricated tents, on an aluminum or metal-plastic frame, with a tent roof and fabric curtains on the sides; for convenience, some models are equipped with soft windows and a mosquito net.

The tent reliably protects the place of rest from precipitation and sun, can be used as carports in the country, it is important to choose the right size

Temporary structures are convenient because they are easy to unfold, carry, and put away, but not everyone wants to spend time and effort on assembling and installing prefabricated products.

A universal, collapsible canopy for a summer residence, the design can serve as a gazebo, greenhouse, parking lot and cover for a pool

Stationary awnings for summer cottages

More practical owners prefer to install permanent sheds at their dacha; they can be ordered according to an individual project, bought a standard design, or built with your own hands. Such structures include: terraces, verandas, canopies over the entrance, carports, gazebos, greenhouses, summer houses and other outbuildings.

Good to know: To erect stationary buildings, you need to equip a site or make a foundation; they practically cannot be moved to another place, but they are more comfortable and ergonomic compared to mobile structures.

A simple idea on how to make a wooden carport at your dacha with your own hands

What to build a shed from at the dacha

Before you build country sheds with your own hands, you need to complete a construction project, select a site, and decide on dimensions and materials.

Shower in the country on a metal frame, covered with corrugated sheets, the material can be replaced with an awning

The canopy should fit harmoniously into the overall architectural ensemble, not clutter up the site, resonate with the landscape design, and be convenient, reliable and practical.

Canopy at the dacha made of timber and decorative lattice

The most popular materials for self-construction are metal and wood. It’s difficult to say which is cheaper and easier to work with; let’s weigh the pros and cons of each material.

A simple canopy for a well in the country

Wooden

A wooden building is appropriate for any summer cottage; it does not stand out from the concept of natural composition. A wooden canopy at the dacha for relaxation can be built from timber, rounded logs, boards, or tree trunks. This does not require professional skills; you can work with household tools. Depending on the chosen style, the canopy for the dacha is decorated with natural materials - driftwood, stumps, decorative grilles, carvings, figured posts, balusters.

An example of how to make an original shed for firewood at your dacha with your own hands

And even if you brought the material completely free from the forest, the tree does not tolerate dampness well, is susceptible to fungi, rodents, small insects, and rotting, so it must be treated with special protective compounds, and this entails additional financial costs.

How to make a canopy at your dacha with your own hands, photo of a structure made from tree trunks and unedged boards decorated with driftwood

Metal

To build a metal canopy at your dacha with your own hands, you will need welding equipment and skills to work on it. The frame is made of round or profile pipes of different diameters. In order to protect the structure from rust, it should be thoroughly cleaned, primed and painted. You can decorate a metal canopy for a summer residence with stamped forging and openwork grilles, but more often the structure is sewn up with polycarbonate - this is practical, looks easy and does not require a large investment of money.

The simplest buildings to erect with your own hands are single-pitched carports for cars in the countryside made of polycarbonate

Other options

Creative and creative site owners often use available materials: bottles, glass or plastic, rubble stone, rods for wicker structures, straw for awnings at the dacha in ethnic style, PVC pipes, awnings, etc.

The simplest canopy for a summer house made of PVC pipes and shower curtains

Combined buildings look very nice, for example, metal pillars under a polycarbonate roof, lined with decorative stone, this is how you usually build a barbecue shed at your dacha with your own hands. Wood, stone, brick and sculptural concrete combine well; the buildings look very original and add originality to the landscape design.

Photo example of how to make a canopy at your dacha for relaxation

How to build a canopy at your dacha with your own hands

Building a canopy at your dacha with your own hands is quite simple; you need to make a frame and figure out what to cover it with. But in order for the building to last for more than one season, it is necessary to complete a number of important stages during construction.

Base

For large and medium-sized buildings, it is recommended to lay a strip or column foundation. The inside of the area can be paved with paving slabs, stones, a wooden floor, decking, concrete, sprinkled with crushed stone or pebbles. If the site is uneven and located in a swampy area, then a pile foundation should be constructed; for areas with rocky rocks or quicksand soil, it is better to make a slab. To arrange small sheds, you can simply remove the soft layer of soil and place concrete blocks or flat stones under the base.

Canopy to the house, support-beam structure on a columnar base

Good to know: When constructing metal structures, it is better to concrete the vertical posts into the ground according to the principle of a columnar foundation. Wooden frame supports should be mounted on a columnar foundation using special fasteners.

Roof

The roof can have a wooden rafter system or a metal truss. The easiest way is to build a lean-to canopy with a slope of 12-30 degrees with your own hands. Metal structures are often installed under an arched roof; this is especially true when building a carport in the country, photo below.

Photo of a carport at the dacha; this design will protect vehicles and provide comfortable entry into the house during rainfall

Roofing material can be any:

awning, moisture-resistant fabric, polyethylene - suitable for temporary structures, should be removed for the winter;

Children's playground with fabric roof

polycarbonate - easy, fast, reliable, relevant for all types of buildings, transmits light, which is indispensable in shaded areas and for structures adjacent to the house;

The polycarbonate roof lets in enough light while still protecting from the sun

profiled sheet - simple, profitable, convenient for outbuildings;
roofing felt and soft tiles are inexpensive, easy to install with your own hands, but require continuous sheathing, which is not always convenient for sheds;
slate is budget-friendly, time-tested, but heavy and inferior in aesthetics to other materials.

Utilities

Open canopies can be inexpensively and easily made closed by making curtains from awning, moisture-resistant fabric or polyethylene.

Even light curtains will significantly increase the comfort of your stay.

It is better to glue the edges for strength, and use special hooks to secure them to the frame.

This clothespin is suitable for fixing curtains to a metal frame along the lower belt of the truss

For wooden canopies in the country, in order to decorate them with curtains, you can screw holders along the top trim, as shown in the picture below.

Bracket for installing curtains on a wooden frame

A canopy for a summer residence can be ready-made or made by hand, simple or elaborate, but so that it fits harmoniously into the natural landscape and does not stand out from the overall ensemble, decorate it around the perimeter with fresh flowers and plants.

Convenient sliding roof on guides and rollers

Wooden canopy: project

How to make a canopy: construction process

Wooden canopy: project

Searching through a huge amount of information on forums made the idea of construction sound and complex. Thus, many users, sharing their experience, feared that a canopy or gazebo without a foundation slab would last only a season. And that they don’t skimp on the foundation. At best, they agreed that we could limit ourselves to a pile foundation poured below the freezing depth. In our area this depth is as much as 1.4 meters. It seemed wasteful to us to pour so much concrete into the ground, so we decided not to make a foundation, but simply partially bury the pillars in the ground. Later this decision was slightly modified.

The design itself only defined the key components of the canopy, and many small adjustments were made along the way. This is what the original drawing looked like. Before making the canopy, the key features of the project were determined taking into account the location and climatic conditions:

actual absence of a poured foundation,
roof slope angle 30 degrees,
strengthening the roof structure,
homemade lightfast paint.

Do-it-yourself garden canopy: construction process

Step one: marking

The area under the canopy is quite flat, so the marking was carried out quickly. All it took was 10 pieces of rebar and twine. Right angles were set according to the “builder’s rule”.

Then, using a garden drill, 6 holes were dug for the future support pillars of the canopy.

The Russian-made garden auger turned out to be of very mediocre quality. The plates for attaching the petals of the nozzles fell off almost immediately. After a short period of use, the nozzles themselves had to be straightened with a sledgehammer, since, despite their thickness, they bent when working on loam and refused to bury themselves in the ground.

Step two: support pillars

As mentioned earlier, the piled concrete foundation had to be abandoned. But burying a wooden pole in the ground, even if protected by impregnation from rotting and soil moisture, was also seen as a very unreliable option. The solution was found on the Internet in topics about repairing wooden fence posts.

The essence of the idea is the rigid connection of a wooden pole with a metal pipe, which is buried in the ground. In this way, the service life of the canopy is extended, because the rate of rusting of metal in the ground is significantly lower than the rate of rotting of wood.

There were 60x60 metal pipes available, to connect them to the 100x100 beam, the beam itself had to be cut a little in the shape of the letter “T”. Thus, the section of the beam at the junction with the pipe was represented by a 100x60 rectangle. To rigidly connect the wood to the pipe, 50x200x5 plates were used, which were fastened with four bolts. A thrust bearing made of steel plates 100x100x5 was also welded onto the profile.

Step Three: Installing the Wooden Shed Frame

Installation of support pillars

The already prepared pillars were installed in holes drilled in the ground and aligned vertically and horizontally. Then they dug in with sand with obligatory tamping and pouring with water.

Installation of beams and rafters

To securely fasten the beams with the support pillars, it was decided to use a simple “lock”. To do this, a quarter was cut out at the upper end of the post, and the post itself was tightened to the beam with self-tapping screws.

The installation of the rafters was carried out to the teeth. First, the template was filed and then the pairs were prepared on the ground. After installation and additional tightening of the rafters with wooden planks, reinforcing boards were installed, which securely fastened the structure and made it possible to remove the tightening and metal plates.

Step four: roofing work

Flexible tiles were chosen for the roof. Firstly, because by that time, a do-it-yourself wooden canopy at our dacha had already appeared in its final form exactly like this and looked very organic at the same time. Secondly, despite the considerable cost of the tiles, we saved on delivery, and the retail price of lumber for continuous sheathing, for example, for slate, reached the cost of OSB boards. Therefore, in the end, the roofing did not cost much more than the specified material.

Installation of OSB boards

Since the wooden canopy is a low structure, and the roof slope angle is only 30 degrees, there were no difficulties in installation. The oriented strand sheet was installed on the rafter system from the ground, then fixed using black self-tapping screws in increments of 30 centimeters.

Installation of flexible tiles

Instructions were included, so the installation itself did not cause any difficulties. The only mistake was made in calculating the number of roofing nails. For 15 m2 of roofing, a kilogram of nails was purchased with a supply, but at the height of the working day, the nails ran out already on the second third of the roof. I had to break up and go to the nearest hardware store for another portion. But this incident taught me that it is better to buy fasteners in excess, because it will not go to waste on the farm anyway.

Step five: strengthening the structure

As mentioned earlier, the team had little experience in construction, so additions to the project were made as the work progressed. Thus, during the installation of flexible tiles, some instability of the roofing structure was discovered. Therefore, it was decided to strengthen it with the help of jibs. Blanks were cut from the remains of 50x100 timber. For fastening, 5.5x120 roofing screws were used, two per beam, one per post.

Step six: painting

What the construction market offered as paint for a wooden canopy:

protective and decorative impregnations,
acrylic and alkyd enamels,
oil paints.

None of these options were suitable for our conditions and requirements. After all, in order to speed up and reduce the cost of work, ordinary lumber of natural moisture was used. The timber was slightly dried under the canopy, but according to calculations its humidity was higher than the recommended 15%. This excluded the use of enamels. The timber itself was unplaned, and in addition, slightly greasy with bitumen varnish. Therefore, protective and decorative impregnations, due to their weak covering power, were also no longer needed.

So, we needed a paint for wet, unplaned, dirty wood with good coverage and durability. The only paint that came to mind was Miranol paint from Tikkurila, but the unplaned surface suggested simply unrealistic consumption of this paint and, accordingly, an impressive price tag.

The solution came from the distant Soviet past, namely from the Do It Yourself magazine. The so-called “boiled Swedish paint” was mentioned there. It was promised that it was ideally suited for unplaned surfaces, did not create a film on the surface of the wood, had good light resistance, and, most importantly, was inexpensive. The choice has been made, all that’s left is to find the components for the paint. The most difficult thing was to find pigment (iron lead) and natural drying oil.

Swedish paint

And now the paint is welded, and our canopy for the dacha is painted with our own hands in a noble dark chocolate color. Over time, the gloss disappeared, and the wooden surface acquired the beautiful matte appearance of expensive acrylic enamel.

In the future, the wooden canopy will be slightly modernized into a gazebo, convenient for both relaxation and work.

domodelie.ru

Construction of sheds at the dacha

A canopy is a light and comfortable structure that provides shelter from rain and wind and creates cool shade. Such a structure is necessary both in the courtyard of a private house and in the country. Depending on the skills and capabilities, everyone decides for themselves: buy a ready-made structure, entrust the construction to specialists, or build a canopy in front of the house with their own hands.

Choosing the type of canopy

Most often, it is the functional purpose that determines how to build a canopy, choose the optimal design for it, find it online or draw the necessary drawings with your own hands.

Many dacha buildings require protective shelter and roofing:

porch or entrance group;
car parking;
woodshed;
recreation area near the house or bathhouse;
B-B-Q;
pool;
playground;
outdoor storage of building materials and many others.

Light openwork wooden structure above a miniature outdoor stove. Can be supplemented with a waterproof awning

Wall structures

Near a private house, such a building may contain not only firewood or building materials. It is convenient to place household and gardening tools and equipment here, and dry the gifts of nature - herbs, roots, mushrooms. In the area adjacent to the house you can equip a summer dining room.

If the canopy in front of the house, located on the south side, is covered around the perimeter with grapes or decorative vines, it will be possible to keep cool under it on the hottest days.

Stationary wall buildings

To get an idea of how to make a canopy for your house with your own hands, you need at least sketch drawings. Using them, you can calculate the materials for the racks and roofing, and the number of fasteners.

Building a house with a canopy requires careful attention to the following details:

The structure adjacent to a dacha or private house is attached to the wall by means of a horizontal beam. It takes on part of the weight of the attached roof. Reliably fastening this wall support and creating a high-quality airtight connection is one of the most important aspects of building a house with a canopy. This work is difficult to do with your own hands alone; it is better to call an assistant.
The roof of the building attached to the house must be lightweight. Therefore, for structural elements (rafters, trim), bars no thicker than 70 mm are chosen, and boards 40 mm thick are used for the sheathing.
It is advisable to equip the building adjacent to the wall of the dacha with devices for drainage and subsequent drainage of rainwater. Water from the roof of the house can also drain onto the canopy, so its amount can be significant. In this case, large storm water inlets or storm drains are provided.

All of the above points are important to consider when building stationary canopies that protect the porch or terrace of a summer house, or the local area of a private house.

Under the stationary extension on a metal frame there was room for both garden equipment and sun loungers

An original canopy over the steep entrance staircase. Artistic forging and milky matte plastic were used

For those who do not want to undertake complex and quite lengthy construction, there is a simple solution: creating an effective, lightweight canopy-shelter made of fabric.

Lightweight collapsible structures with awning

Tent buildings are becoming increasingly popular. They are made with their own hands or purchased ready-made products at garden centers. Many manufacturers offer designs that require only assembly and fastening in place.

Canopies using fabric have the following attractive properties:

bright fabrics with water-repellent properties allow you to select and combine colors that match the overall style;
lightweight collapsible structures can be removed indoors for winter storage;
they are easy to use, dust and other contaminants are removed with a stream of water;
With the help of stylish awnings, beautiful country furniture and textiles (pillows, capes, etc.), you can completely change the design with your own hands, create a fashionable design for a summer house or the yard of a private house.

Skillfully color-matched awning, garden furniture and serving details created an exquisite design for an outdoor summer dining room.

Collapsible canopies that can be put away for the winter can be covered not only with fabric, but also with polycarbonate sheets. They can be colorless or painted in various sun-protective shades.

Freestanding awnings

Now let's figure out how to make a canopy in the yard, standing apart, away from the house. Depending on the functional purpose, such buildings are made completely open or with partial or continuous cladding of the side walls.

Open canopies intended for leisure, serving as a summer dining room or gazebo can be equipped around the perimeter with moisture-resistant curtains or sliding screens. They do not seal the room hermetically, but protect from wind and scorching sun. The same function can be performed by decorative vines planted around the perimeter - maiden grapes, honeysuckle honeysuckle, species of clematis.

The most common materials for DIY construction of free-standing sheds are wood and metal (profiled sheets). In such buildings, special attention is paid to the stability of the base - the racks to which the roof is attached. Sufficient (at least 0.5 m) deepening of the posts and their careful backfilling using crushed stone or filling the post holes with concrete mortar is required.

Outbuildings in the form of sheds intended for storing firewood, equipment, and building materials are sheathed with metal profiles, siding, and clapboard. These materials are easy to use; anyone can make cladding out of them. When using wood for posts, rafters, and siding, be sure to protect it from mold, rot, and insect damage. Before assembling the structure, all parts are treated with an antiseptic and painted or coated with protective compounds such as Pinotex.

You can build a simple wooden shed for household needs with your own hands without a partner

To build a metal canopy, you will need the ability to use a welding machine and a grinder with a cutting wheel for metal. The support posts, and often the trusses on which the roof is mounted, are made of round or profile iron pipe. Metal parts that are not factory painted must be protected from corrosion using a special primer and painting.

Elegant carport on metal posts covered with polycarbonate

Arrangement and design of the canopy

In order for a new building to become not only a useful space, but also a decoration for a summer cottage, you need to know not only how to build a canopy, but also how to equip it and decorate it beautifully with your own hands. If a recreation area is arranged under the shelter, there should not be an earthen floor. Even the simplest flooring will create comfort and coziness. You can pave the room with tiles, clinker bricks, or make flooring from decking or wooden boards.

If possible, it is worth installing electricity in a light summer building. Lighting will make you feel comfortable in the dark, and sockets will make it possible to use kitchen and household appliances. When installing street wiring, you should take into account safety standards and protection against electric shock.

A landscaped corner under a canopy is decorated with hanging plants. The floor is made of clinker bricks, electricity is provided

If the summer kitchen is located under a canopy, you should also take care of connecting the water supply there. Then this place can become not only an area for preparing barbecue or gatherings at the samovar, but also a workshop for the production of homemade preparations.

Wooden canopies are decorated with openwork grilles and carvings. To decorate metal structures, forging elements and perforated patterns in sheet metal are used. With the appropriate design style of the dacha, ethnic motifs are appropriate: wickerwork, shingle roofs, fancy driftwood and stones, mythological sculptures.

When it comes to landscaping, you shouldn’t limit yourself only to climbing plants. It is worth adding bright colors of annuals planted in portable flowerpots and cascades of hanging flowers in hanging flowerpots.

dizainsad.ru

Do-it-yourself wooden canopies for a summer residence: design features and construction stages

In a country house, a house is the place where you especially want to spend time in comfort, providing many pleasant hours in nature. Therefore, any owner tries to landscape his summer cottage in such a way that nothing - neither rain, nor sun, nor wind - interferes with a good rest.

A very useful addition to the exterior of a dacha will be wooden canopies that can be used for different needs. Wooden awnings for a summer residence, as seen in the photo, are a universal construction. Under it you can hide from rain and sun, set up a barbecue and use it for family picnics, park your car, saving significantly on building a garage, equip a playground and even store household equipment or firewood. Therefore, many people wonder how to build a wooden canopy.

Advantages of wooden country canopies

Before you make a canopy for your house, you first need to decide what material to make it from, what to prefer: metal or wood. At first glance, it may seem that preference should immediately be given to a metal profile. Many people assume that its performance characteristics are much better than wood. But is this really so?

The wooden structure is durable. Of course, wood is bio-susceptible to rot and, under prolonged exposure to moisture, is affected by fungus. However, this problem has a solution - the material must be promptly treated with antiseptics or a paint coating containing medicinal compounds must be applied in two layers. It is also important to choose the right type of wood, then the building will last for several decades.
A do-it-yourself wooden canopy is easy to install. To assemble wooden canopies from timber with your own hands, unlike metal, welding is not required. Not everyone can weld parts, but everyone can work with screws, anchors and other fasteners. The preparation of parts made from lumber is also simple: the material can be easily cut, turned, sanded, etc.
Making a wooden canopy from a simple beam will cost less than from a metal profile. And this, as you know, is the most popular option for do-it-yourself wooden garden canopies.

On a note

It is worth noting that the use of laminated veneer lumber or rounded logs for construction significantly increases the cost of construction.

Let us also emphasize the aesthetics of the canopies near the house. Beautiful wooden canopies Please note that due to the rich texture of wood and color, additional decoration often becomes meaningless.

Types of awnings for a private house with your own hands: photo

There are:

stationary structures of a wooden canopy are a separate building. To build such a canopy, you need four wooden supports.
the canopies adjacent to the house seem to continue the existing structure. One end of the structure practically rests on the load-bearing wall, the other is mounted on wooden poles.

One way or another, the resulting structure must fit into the architectural ensemble created by all the buildings located on the summer cottage.

Lumber used

Ordinary timber. The material has a wide price range, depending on the wood species used in production. Many people turn to it, since ordinary timber allows them to build a wooden canopy of any type with their own hands, either free-standing or between houses, or attached to a house. In the construction, beams of different sections are used, for example, for support pillars a section of 150 by 150 is suitable, and for the frame you need thinner ones - 25 by 30.

Glued laminated timber. It is more convenient in construction and provides the finished structure with a long service life. Glued laminated timber owes these characteristics to its complex geometry - the result of a special technology for gluing several elements. The only drawback of the material is its high price compared to ordinary timber.
Rounded or simple logs are used less often. As a rule, they are needed when decorating structures made in the chalet style, either Ukrainian or Russian.

Optimal building sizes

The dimensions of the structure depend on its specific purpose. To a greater extent this concerns its foundation. For example, if you plan to use it as a garage, take into account the dimensions and number of cars that will be parked under the roof of the future building: for one car 4 m long, the optimal parking size is 5 by 2.5, for larger cars, say, a minivan, 6, 5 by 3.5.

On a note

When making calculations, it must be taken into account that the linear dimensions of the base should be a couple of meters larger than the dimensions of the car.

As for height, everything is much simpler here. The average height of the structure is no more than 2.5 m. If this value is greatly exceeded, then in a strong wind the roof may become loose, and it is also highly likely that slanting precipitation will fall under it.

We build a canopy at the dacha with our own hands

Initially, you need to decide what type of structure you need, whether it will be under the strong influence of various loads. For structures erected in open areas, not only the load created by snow cover and ice icicles, but also the impact of wind are taken into account.

Please note that if the roof covering area is large enough, then if the calculation is incorrect, the roof with sheathing can be blown away by even moderate winds.

Let's look at how to build such a structure from wood step by step.

Laying the foundation. This design is relatively lightweight, so it is quite possible to confine ourselves to constructing a columnar or pile-screw type foundation. You can also install ready-made blocks for the foundation or arrange recesses for support pillars.

On a note

It is recommended that the site for the structure be located on a slight elevation to prevent the accumulation of water from precipitation. You can also dig a drainage ditch along the sides of the base area. Upon completion of construction, it is covered with gratings.

Before starting to lay a foundation of this type, calculate the required number of supports. Then a hole is dug under each with a depth of at least 1 m. After installing the wooden poles for the canopy, which have been previously treated with antiseptics, cut boards are nailed to their lower part, positioned across them, and concreted.

On a note

The base itself can be finished in different ways: concreted, laid with ceramic or paving slabs, a floor placed on it, or finished in another way.

Construction of the frame. After the wooden pillars for the structure are installed, you need to ensure their uniform slope. To do this, install longitudinal beams, carefully checking their horizontalness. Then rafter beams are fixed to them in increments of 0.7 m. To free up space for the gutter, the outermost beams are installed with an indentation of 80–100 mm from the edge.

It is recommended to connect the wooden frame elements using the “half-wood” method. The essence of this technology is as follows: after a piece half the thickness of the part is cut out in each of the connected bars, they are applied to each other. Thus, the total thickness of the connection will be equal to the thickness of the timber.

Roof installation. The roofing material is laid on a lathed frame. One of the most popular solutions is wooden canopies made of polycarbonate (photo below), corrugated sheets or wood.

in the photo you can see a polycarbonate canopy from the wall of the house with your own hands

Cellular polycarbonate is affordable, easy to install and at the same time has high performance characteristics. The work of installing the roof comes down to measuring the frame and cutting polycarbonate sheets in accordance with the shape and dimensions obtained.

When working with cellular polycarbonate, it is necessary to ensure that the channels of the sheets are perpendicular to the surface of the earth when laying. This is an important condition, since in this case the moisture that gets into the channel will evaporate freely.

Cellular polycarbonate is subject to thermal deformation. Therefore, in order to avoid cracking at the fastening points due to temperature changes, a gap is left in the diameter of the holes for fasteners. To prevent moisture and dust from getting into the places where the sheets are fixed, rubber gaskets are used.

Roofing made of wooden boards is treated with waterproofing compounds. This procedure allows you to extend the service life of the roofing structure by years.
When installing a roof made of corrugated sheets, the sheets are installed with an overlap. They are attached to galvanized self-tapping screws equipped with rubber spacers. Having secured the profiled sheet to the frame in the corners, they proceed to fixing it over its entire surface.

Watch the video on how to build a canopy for your house.

(No ratings)

stylekrov.ru

How to build a wooden canopy with your own hands - four step-by-step instructions

Popular wooden canopies in various versions are found in summer cottages and local areas. As a rule, home craftsmen make lightweight temporary structures on their own, but a permanent structure has to be ordered from craftsmen. Knowing the basic techniques, stages and nuances of construction, you can not be afraid to experiment and boldly take on the implementation of the project you like. Each of the proposed options will not be difficult to “adjust” to your size and needs.

Wooden canopy

General requirements for wooden canopies

To ensure the strength, reliability, ease of use and beautiful appearance of a wooden canopy when building it with your own hands, you must follow the following rules:

The construction of support posts is best done from rounded logs (10-20 cm in diameter), profiled or glued beams (10-15 cm in cross-section). To create a rafter system and a small canopy, beams 6*6, 6*4, 5*5 or 4*5 cm are suitable.
The selection of roofing material is carried out taking into account the slope of the slope and the design of the rafter system:
- polycarbonate – does not weigh down the structure and is suitable for decking of various configurations;
- corrugated sheeting is an inexpensive option for organizing a single-pitched and gable roof for a wooden shed in the yard;
- soft tiles - require continuous sheathing, the material is convenient for finishing hipped and domed roofs of gazebos.
The canopy should be sloped to allow precipitation to quickly roll off. The minimum angle of inclination of the ceiling is 5-10%.
The dimensions of the structure are determined taking into account the functionality of the suspended structure:
- arrangement of a place to relax - 2 sq. m. m per person;
- the optimal size for decorating a gazebo with a barbecue is 4*6 m;
- creating a carport: the width of the platform is equal to the width of the car plus 1 m, the length of the platform is up to 6 m;
- terraces attached to the house, as a rule, extend along the entire length of the adjacent wall;
- canopies over the porch should overlap the steps by 30 cm on each side;
- the height of any wooden canopy in the yard is at least 2 m, optimally 2.5 m.

Important! Before installation, all wooden structural elements must be treated with antiseptic and fire-resistant impregnation.

Characteristics of different types of wood

Making a lean-to canopy near the wall of a house

Wall-mounted wooden canopies made of timber are fixed with one edge to the facade of the house, and with the other - to the supporting pillars. Some structures do not have a horizontal beam on the wall of the building. In this case, the entire load of the floor falls on the vertical supports placed at the corners of the canopy.

Wall-mounted open canopy

Drawing development and materials preparation

When designing a single-pitch structure, it is necessary to schematically display the main parameters:

the width of the projection of the roof onto the ground, taking into account the overhang over the framing beam of 30 cm;
slope angle;
height of rafter attachment at the top (2.9 m) and bottom points;
the length of the support pillars, taking into account the recess into the foundation, is at least 0.5 m;
installation step of support beams is about 2.5 m;
The pitch of the rafters is 60 cm.

Based on the design sketch, the material consumption is calculated. To create a wooden canopy at your dacha with your own hands you will need:

bars for racks – 90*90 mm;
wall supporting beam – 50*150 mm;
rafter boards – 50*150 mm;
polycarbonate sheets.

Diagram of a lean-to canopy

Calculate the roof area for polycarbonate cladding as follows:

Draw a triangle: one leg is the length of the canopy, the second is the difference between the heights of the structure near the wall and at the end of the roof.
Using the Pythagorean formula, determine the hypotenuse - this will be the width of the canopy.
Knowing the parameters of the roof, it will be possible to calculate its area and calculate the consumption of polycarbonate.

Before making a canopy, the wooden elements must be prepared:

Spread the lumber and dry it in the shade for five days.
Clean the surface of the wood with a grinder or sandpaper.
Treat beams and boards with bactericidal impregnation. After drying, the wooden elements are ready for installation.

Installation of supporting beam and vertical posts

Procedure:

Apply markings on the wall of the house for installation of the beam.
Secure the supporting support along its entire length with self-tapping screws to the wall.
To strengthen the structure, a beam-holding mechanism in the form of a triangle can be made from beams.

Fastening the horizontal load-bearing beam

Installation of support posts under canopies made of boards and logs is carried out in three ways:

fastening the timber directly into the formwork;
using formwork and thrust bearing;
fixing the thrust bearing to the existing concrete or wooden base.

The choice of option depends on the massiveness of the structure and the existing foundation. For a small canopy, the first method is suitable:

Dig holes for support beams 90 cm deep.
Fill the pits with crushed stone to a depth of 10-20 cm.
Cover the lower part of the beam-post with roofing felt.
Install the pillars, level them and fill them with concrete.
Secure the support beams with boards and leave for a week until the foundation is strengthened.

Construction of the rafter system and sheathing

Attaching the beam to the support pillars can be done in different ways: strengthening the truss structure with diagonal beams, fixing it with long screws or metal plates.

High reliability is ensured by a combination of several methods:

Cut grooves in the racks.
Place the supporting beam into the groove and secure it with fasteners.
When the support is installed along the entire length of the canopy, install corner jumpers.

Installation of sheathing under the canopy

Construction of the sheathing:

Apply markings for cutting out grooves on the beams for the sheathing.
Prepare holes about 4 cm deep at the edges of the boards.
Place the beams onto the supporting beams.
Secure the installation with metal corners.

Applying sealing tape to polycarbonate

Fastening roofing material

Let's take a step-by-step look at how to build a wooden canopy using polycarbonate. To fix the roofing material, thermal washers with self-tapping screws, connecting and trim profiles are used.

Operating procedure:

Cut the polycarbonate plastic so that the joints of the sheets are on the sheathing. The cut is made between the stiffeners.
Apply sealing tape to the ends of the panels.
At the points of attachment to the supporting beam, use a drill to make holes every 30-40 cm, the distance to the edge is 4 cm.
The polycarbonate is fixed to the wooden frame through a seal using self-tapping screws and a washer.
The second sheet is connected to the first by means of a connecting strip placed along the roof sheathing.
Corners are finished with corner profiles.

Fastening polycarbonate through profiles

Some leave the roof open and plant vines near the site, which grow and create a natural awning. Photos of open wooden canopies for the house clearly demonstrate the attractiveness of the design.

Four Post Pergola for Patio

A pergola is a spectacular decoration and a practical element of landscape design. You can build a simple model with a flat roof from inexpensive materials: pine beams and beams. Let's consider the technology of creating a canopy for a patio measuring 2.6 * 3 m.

Required materials and tools

Before making a wooden canopy with your own hands, you should assess the condition of the site and decide on the installation location. It is advisable to lay out the area under the patio in advance with paving slabs, natural stone or decking boards. You can arrange a canopy on your country lawn.

Pergola in the garden

To make a pergola you will need:

4 beams 100*50 mm, 4 m long - horizontal load-bearing supports for attaching the sheathing;
9 beams 100*50 mm, 3 m long - for sheathing;
4 beams 100*100 mm, 3 m long - supporting vertical beams.

To work you need to have on hand:

jigsaw or hand-held circular saw;
drill and wood bits;
chisel and hammer;
level, cord and plumb line;
square, tape measure and pencil;
wood processing products;
Portland cement grade M-400 – 4 bags;
fasteners (nuts, bolts and washers).

Marking the area for installation of support posts

Fixing the posts and assembling the roof

Pergola assembly sequence:

On the site, use pegs and rope to mark the location of the support beams according to the dimensions of the future canopy. You should get a rectangle 2.6*3.0 m. Check the evenness of the diagonals.
At the marked points, drill holes under the beams with a depth of 50 cm.
Prepare beams and beams:
- cut the edges of the vertical supports obliquely, measuring 5 cm in width and 12 cm in length;
- cut horizontal beams in the same way;
- at the ends of the beams under the sheathing, prepare spikes measuring 9*5 cm;
- treat the wood with protective impregnations and paint it.
Install the support beams in the holes and level them in height using a level and a cord.
Fill the holes with cement mortar and leave it until it sets completely.
Mount horizontal beams on the support shelves so that they protrude 40 cm beyond the edges. Drill holes through and secure with screws and nuts.
Apply markings for the placement of nine cross beams
Secure the crossbars with long screws.

Fastening crossbars

Decorative elements for pergola

Strongly climbing plants are suitable for shading a canopy: grapes, hops, wisteria, clematis, actinidia, Chinese lemongrass and wood pliers.

Pergola with young vineyards

To hide from the scorching sun, the top of the pergola is covered with a fabric tent, and the sides are decorated with thick curtains. For comfortable evening gatherings, lamps are installed.

Fabric awning on pergola

Pergola lighting in the evening

A patio with a canopy is designed as a relaxation area. It is appropriate to use soft sofas, poufs, armchairs, pillows and hammocks. Textiles and flower pots add special comfort.

Bright pergola design in the yard

Creating a multifunctional gable canopy

When building a wooden canopy for a large area, it is advisable to install a gable roof. The structure can be used as a parking lot, a summer kitchen or an open storage area.

Preparatory activities: design calculations

The dimensions of the awning are determined based on its functional purpose and area of the site. When creating a parking lot, you need to take into account the dimensions and number of cars; when building a wooden canopy over a barbecue with your own hands, you need to take into account the size of the barbecue, the need to install a chimney and place additional furniture on the site.

Gable barbecue canopy

An example of design calculation for 9*7.5 m:

The plane of each slope is 5*7.5 m, that is, the total roof area is 75 sq. m.
Supports are wooden beams installed on concrete formwork and bearings. The diameter of the concrete pillars is 30 cm. Each support is capable of supporting a weight of 1 ton. Taking into account the snow loads of the region and the weight of the roof, a canopy with an area of 68 sq. m. m will need to install 8 supports.
The immersion depth of concrete supports is 1.5 m.

Installation and commissioning technology

The order of work can be divided into the following stages.

Stage 1. Installation of supports:

Use a hand auger or drilling rig to make holes.
Make formwork for pillars from paper pipes, rising 40 cm above ground level.
Prepare the concrete and pour the columns.
Insert brackets with a cross section of 15 cm into the “fresh” concrete.
After 3 weeks, secure the prepared beams in the support posts.

Attaching support beams to concrete formwork

Stage 2. Strapping the structure:

Attach the supporting frame beams to the racks (double boards 30*4 cm). Bolts 1 cm in diameter are suitable for fixing.
Add a second supporting board, tighten all the parts with bolts.
Make reinforcement - fix the braces from 10*10 cm beams.

Upper frame of the canopy structure

Stage 3. Rafter system:

Assemble the roof trusses in the form of a triangle from 10*4 cm boards. It is better to do the work on the ground.
Install intermediate veins from the board - this will ensure the rigidity of the system.
Attach the trusses to the supporting beams every 80-90 cm.

Scheme of the rafter system of a gable roof

Stage 4. Roof sheathing:

Finish the ends of the roof with boards or plywood.
Lay OSB sheets 1.2 cm thick on the truss.
Secure the waterproofing material.
Cover the roof with corrugated sheets or metal tiles.

Covering the deck with roofing material

Stage 5. Installation of drainage:

Attach hook holders along the perimeter of the flooring, providing a slope towards the drainage system. Installation step – 50 cm.
Mount the pipe on the holders.
Cut a gutter at the drainage point and install a funnel.
Using the elbow, set the direction of the pipe.
Install clamps at pipe joints.

Drainage system

Assembly diagram for a simple canopy over a porch

The easiest way is to make a wooden canopy over a gable-type porch with your own hands. First of all, measurements are taken and transferred to the drawing. It should be shown schematically:

visor depth;
slope length;
width of crossbars;
the distance between the lowest points of the two slopes.

Visor diagram

Assembly sequence:

Make rafter corners from beams whose ends are beveled at 45°.
Assemble vertical support structures from two perpendicularly located beams and jibs.
Secure the supporting beams to the wall on either side of the porch.
Attach rafters to the wall above the front door with emphasis on vertical beams.

Do-it-yourself simple sliding gates at the dacha

A canopy is an uninsulated structure erected near premises or fixed above doorways. It is also built as an independent object and is used to protect cars from precipitation, as a shelter for summer recreation areas, or as a temporary building for storing building materials. It’s possible to make a canopy with your own hands, thanks to which you can save on calling builders or purchasing a ready-made structure.

You can build a canopy from any material - it can be wood, plastic or metal structures, but the choice of building materials depends on its purpose and location. After all, a building made of unplaned boards will look unsightly against the backdrop of a nice lawn or house.

Canopies are made from the following materials:

Wood. Convenient to use. Frame elements can be assembled from round, square or laminated veneer lumber. To work with wooden products, you will need simple carpentry tools: a hacksaw, a plane, an ax and a hammer. The beams are secured with nails or screws. To increase its service life, wood is coated with varnish, paint or other protective mixtures.
Metal. Any building material made from it can be used, these can be profiles made of aluminum, iron or stainless steel. Forged structures are also used. Iron products are susceptible to corrosion, so they must be painted or treated with other protective agents.
Natural stone, brick. Used in the construction of supports for canopies. Stone pillars made of natural stone or facing bricks look beautiful. For any brick or stone structure it is necessary to make a foundation.

If you need light under the canopy, the roof is made of light-colored polycarbonate or plexiglass, and for darkening, choose dark shades or any other roofing covering. When installing a canopy over a door or making an extension to a house, you need to use materials that match the style of the building's design.

Creating a Project

Having decided on the choice of building materials, you should prepare a sketch of the future canopy. They take into account the location, size, cardinal directions and wind rose.

When drawing up a project, you need to take into account all the design features, including where the canopy will be located:

Near the house, above the door, measure the distance at which the building will adjoin the wall and the height.
If under a car, then take into account the location of the support pillars in relation to the parameters of the car, so that there is enough space for comfortable departure and arrival.
For a recreation area, then you need to take into account the height of the grill or barbecue oven so that the structure does not catch fire.
If a canopy is built over a pool, then when choosing building materials, the increased humidity and size of the artificial reservoir are taken into account.

The roof on a canopy can be straight, sloping, single-pitched, gable or complex.

In order for the canopy to be stable and not deformed, calculations must be made for the speed and direction of the wind, as well as the amount of snow. The inclined part of the pitched roof is installed on the leeward side.

Preparatory work

To build a canopy with your own hands, you choose the type of foundation. It is mounted taking into account the terrain. On a site with a slope, a pile foundation is made, and on more level areas - a strip foundation. The heavier the canopy structure, the more supports will be required for a strong construction, which means the foundation must be strong.

To install the support pillars evenly on the site, the space for their location is measured and marks are made: a peg is driven in or a hole is dug. A hole is dug at the designated locations, 10 cm wider than the diameter of the support and 90 cm deep. Load-bearing pillars are installed and secured in any way:

Place it in a hole and bury it with the selected soil.
Fill with concrete mortar.
They are secured using metal brackets or angles to an H-shaped building concrete base.

For a pitched roof, the height of the front pillars is made 30 cm less than the rear pillars, so that rainwater does not stagnate, but drains from the roof. The vertical evenness of the supports is checked using a building level. If wooden posts are used, then the part that will be in the ground is treated with a protective agent against rotting. The depth of the holes dug for the installation of load-bearing supports should be below the freezing level of the soil.

Creating a sheathing

If the canopy is attached to the house, then a horizontal beam of wood with a cross-section of 80×90 mm is attached to the wall. It is screwed with dowels into the drilled holes, with a distance between them of 50-70 cm. If the length of one beam is not enough, extensions are made using another butt-to-butt method, using a metal plate. This will be the rear cross member. It is connected to the rear posts using metal corners.

Along the perimeter of the canopy from above, from one pillar to another, transverse horizontal bars with a cross-section of 70×90 mm are fixed, connecting the frame of the building together. Metal corners are used to firmly fasten structural elements.

The rafters are laid at an equal distance from each other and from the rear crossbar (from the wall of the house) to the front. In order for rainwater to drain beyond the perimeter of the canopy, the rafters are placed with a protrusion of 15 cm behind the front cross member. For the rafters, timber with a cross-section of 70×70 mm is used. They are fixed to the beams using corners and self-tapping screws.

To form the sheathing, beams with a cross-section of 60×60 mm and a distance of 90 cm between them are placed across the rafters (along the length of the canopy). Screwed to the rafters with self-tapping screws. The sheathing frame for the roofing decking is prepared.

Roof installation

Various roofing materials are used to cover the roof. The main thing is that it harmoniously combines with the roof of the main building. It could be:

Asbestos cement slate.
Metal tiles.
Polycarbonate.
Ondulin.
Profiled sheeting.
Ceramic, bitumen, cement-sand tiles.
Slate roofing.
Bitumen slate.

Wave roofing material is placed on the sheathing, with the waves positioned from the wall to the bottom of the canopy. This is done for better drainage of rainwater. The sheets are connected to each other by overlapping one another, with a distance of one wave. They are secured to the sheathing with slate screws and soft washers.

Laying any roofing sheets or tiles begins from the edge of the building, moving towards its top. For smaller roof covering materials, more frequent sheathing is done. The tiles on the slope are secured with clamps, and along the side edges of the canopy roof - with self-tapping screws, into the factory holes in the tiles.

Before starting to create a project, you can find information on construction sites, see what your neighbors’ building looks like, and make your own sketch of the canopy.

If possible, it is better to buy building materials all at once so as not to be interrupted from the intended work.

It is advisable to treat all wooden elements with a protective antiseptic or varnish or paint them with water-repellent paint.

When choosing a roofing material, take into account its weight on the sheathing of the building.

If a carport is being built, then it is necessary to arrange a site under the building. Crushed stone, asphalt, paving stones or concrete are suitable for covering.

Related materials:

Site Map