Building canopies with your own hands: work procedure and photos. How to make a canopy from a profile pipe correctly - instructions What to make a temporary canopy from

Each owner of his own plot tries to improve the territory in the most comfortable way. For this, various architectural forms are used, a variety of which are canopies in the courtyard of a private house, photos of which confirm the fact that, in addition to their main functions, canopies can become a real highlight of the local area. They are a unique attribute of coziness and comfort, allowing you not to postpone planned events due to the vagaries of the weather. Thanks to the availability of a large selection of high-quality materials on the market, and with a little imagination, you can build the most elegant and beautiful canopy in the courtyard of a private house (the photos below show some interesting ideas for using such structures in the landscape design of the area near the house). Next, we’ll talk about the types of canopies and how to arrange them.

Canopies in the courtyard of a private house: photos of structures depending on the area of ​​application

Canopies are, first of all, structures designed to protect a particular area from precipitation (whether snow or rain), hot sun rays or falling leaves. Therefore, they place a canopy in the courtyard of a private house, mainly over recreation areas and the most “passable” areas.

Canopy in the form of a “visor”

We can say that a canopy over the entrance is mandatory - it protects not only from rain, but plays the role of a kind of protection against wet snow sticking to the steps and thresholds, which can lead to falls and injuries. There is another variety - a canopy extension over the terrace, with one side fixed to the wall, under which comfortable furniture, a barbecue and other attributes of a comfortable stay can be located. As a rule, shelters over the porch are made in the same style as the main building, using appropriate materials and colors. For example, for a house made of timber, a wooden structure with the possible use of forged elements is suitable.

Shed-extension

You can implement a canopy in the yard to protect the area from the entrance to the gate or outbuildings. Such structures have quite large dimensions and, for the most part, are an extension canopy, one side of which is attached directly to the wall of the house, and the other is supported on supports. Their undoubted advantage is that you can freely move along the paths at any time of the year, and in winter you do not have to clear them of snow. They can also be stationary (with supports on all sides) or mixed type.

In this case, it is better to construct closed canopies in the courtyard of a private house - the photos clearly demonstrate the advantage of “greenhouse” type structures.

You can use sliding elements, with which you can open the mobile sections in hot weather and close them securely in windy weather.

gazebo canopy

This version of the canopy is a favorite structure for summer residents and owners of country houses. Gazebos can be of various shapes: round, square, polyhedron-shaped, as well as open (the design involves the presence of supports and a roof) or semi-closed type (there are side walls). Such buildings are usually located in the greenest, picturesque areas of the site on hills.

Canopy over the playground

A canopy over a children's playground is a fairly popular design for families. Even in the worst weather, it is very difficult to keep a child in the house, so a canopy located above the swing, sandbox and horizontal bars will be a good help for the child and his parents. In addition, the canopy will protect the wooden elements of the site from precipitation and extend their service life.

Canopy to the yard to protect the car

A carport will definitely become indispensable for owners of small plots where there is virtually no free space to build a garage. Carports in the courtyard of a private house (the photo shows their various options) can also serve in the event of guests arriving, who, undoubtedly, will be more comfortable seeing their car on the site, and not outside it. Among other things, installing such a canopy will require significantly lower financial costs than building a garage.

What to make a canopy for the yard from?

Canopies of any functional type have a completely simple design, the main elements of which are supports, frame and roof. In order to choose materials, you should first decide on the style - a canopy in the courtyard of a private house must correspond to the overall landscape design of the area.

The materials for the supports can be steel pipes, wooden beams, as well as posts made of brick. The frame, in most cases, is made of metal profiles or wood. The same material that covers the main buildings is often used to make the roof. Corrugated sheeting, plastic, metal tiles and soft types of materials are also well suited, among which polycarbonate stands out (due to its combination of strength and flexibility). Let's look at some of the most used options.

Sheds made of corrugated sheets in the courtyard of a private house: photos of bold ideas

Corrugated sheeting is considered an ideal option for roofing - this is explained by many indicators. Among these are the following: ease of installation, which is not particularly complicated (this applies to a greater extent to craftsmen who build canopies in the courtyard of a private house with their own hands); relative cheapness (especially if it is thin); high density, preventing furniture or car from fading; durability; practicality and unique compatibility with any materials used in the construction of the structure.

Depending on the type of construction and the amount of material required, sheds made of corrugated sheets in the courtyard of a private house (photos show various interpretations) can be arched, single-pitch or gable. The structure in the form of an arch looks much more interesting than a simple lean-to, but its construction will require a lot of experience, since it is quite complex. A gable canopy is used less frequently and is used mainly to equip the roof of an open summer kitchen.

Canopies made of metal profiles

The advantage of architectural forms made from metal profiles lies, first of all, in the visual lightness of the structure built with its help, which will easily fit into any design project for arranging the local area. In addition, metal profiles are a reliable and durable material that, with proper care, can last for quite a long time. Proper care, in this case, means timely treatment of it with anti-corrosion compounds or special paints containing them.

Sheds made of metal profiles in the courtyard of a private house (photos show various types of structures - from primitive to more complex) are used for various purposes. They can protect a recreation area, a car parking lot, or an open summer kitchen, without creating any visible clutter in the space.

Wooden canopies in the courtyard of a private house: photos of beautiful options

Wooden structures are gaining more popularity over the years, since, regardless of the style of the main buildings, they easily fit into the natural landscape, becoming a part of the landscape. A wooden canopy in the courtyard of a private house can be used for a variety of purposes, and can also be stationary or attached to the wall of the main building.

It should be noted that wood is a material that can be easily processed, from which you can create the most bizarre shapes. Wooden sheds are built from logs or timber. Experts advise using beams measuring 90 by 90 mm for support, and further strengthening the supporting beam for strength. It is worth remembering that the wood must be treated with special solutions that protect against rotting and various insects.

Wooden canopies in the courtyard of a private house, as seen in the photo, can be decorated with carvings, figured pillars or point balusters. The main thing is to know moderation in everything and not to overdo it, so that it doesn’t turn out to be absurd.

Canopies in the courtyard of a private house: photos of 30 beautiful options updated: September 29, 2017 by: Kyiv Irina

A canopy near the house is an extremely practical thing. You can park your car under it, gather with friends for a cup of tea or cook a barbecue on a rainy day. Moreover, its construction will not require large investments if the materials are used correctly. How to make a canopy with your own hands and at a minimum cost will be discussed in the article.

DIY canopy - how to make the right choice

So, if the goal is to build a cheap, good shed, you should choose the right place and select the materials. The lack of hired labor also significantly reduces the cost of the process.

Selection of building materials - which is better

Not only the final price, but also the ease of construction, as well as the appearance, will depend on the choice of material. So, the most common materials for the frame:

The following is often used as a roofing covering for a canopy:

Choosing a place for a canopy - how to save on supports and roofing

The best option for a budget canopy is to make it adjacent to the house. In this case, only two or three support posts will be required - it all depends on the size of the cross beam and the material. So, for timber with a cross section of 75x75 mm, the distance between the posts should be about a meter. In this case, you don’t have to use a cross beam, resting the rafters directly on the pillars.

If you use timber with a cross-section of 150 cm or more, you can install only two corner posts. A transverse load-bearing beam is installed on them, and the trails are already attached to it. The other side of the rafters is attached to a support beam, previously fixed to the wall of the house.

In addition, a canopy attached to the house is better protected from the wind. If the canopy is made free-standing, you need to take into account the direction of the wind - the lower edge of the pitched roof should be located on the leeward side. And this is not always convenient, especially if you plan to park a car under it. A gable roof is much more reliable and practical in this case, but a more complex rafter system will be required.

Construction of a simple lean-to canopy

A universal canopy, under which you can place a gazebo or park a car under the house, is erected in several stages:

• installation of support pillars;
• installation of the rafter system;
• roof installation;
• laying paving slabs.

Installation of canopy posts

The pillars, regardless of the material chosen, are installed in pre-dug holes 1.5 m deep and 10 cm larger in diameter behind the posts. A layer of sand or crushed stone 20 cm high is poured onto the bottom and poured with plenty of water for compaction.

The bottom of wooden and metal racks is treated with bitumen or wrapped in roofing felt to protect against moisture. The racks are installed strictly vertically and filled with concrete.

If asbestos-cement pipes are selected, reinforcement is placed inside and concrete is poured to the entire height of the pipe. To remove air, during the pouring process, another reinforcement rod constantly mixes the solution in the pipe. In the upper part of the racks, you can immediately embed pins to which the upper trim will be attached.

A support beam is attached to the wall of the house. It must be above the level of the posts to provide the slope necessary for snow to roll off. The beam is attached to wooden walls with self-tapping screws, and to brick walls with dowels in pre-made holes.

Features of the rafter system

The pitch of the rafters is calculated depending on the selected roofing covering. It is very convenient to use special programs for this. There are also summary tables that allow you to approximately select the distance between the rafters.

One end of the rafters is attached to a support beam on the wall. You can use two options - make grooves in the beam, where to insert the rafter leg and fix it with metal corners, or using special fasteners.

The second end rests on the upper frame of the racks. Given the light weight of the roof, they are also secured with metal corners. But on heaving soils, uneven subsidence of the racks and the entire house is possible, which will lead to deformation of the canopy. Therefore, for all extensions it is recommended to use a movable connection of rafters with strapping.

Roofing device

The canopy does not require insulation or waterproofing. Almost all roofing coverings are attached to thin sheathing. The exception is soft tiles, which require continuous sheathing and waterproofing of OSB sheets. But corrugated sheeting can be laid directly on the rafters. The sheets are laid across the rafters with an overlap and secured with self-tapping screws.

Laying paving slabs

If you plan to use the canopy as a parking space, you can pave the track with paving slabs. This will prevent dirt from forming in rainy weather, but will preserve more greenery around the house.

The tiles are placed on a solid sand bed and compacted with a rubber hammer.

The video shows how the metal canopy was made next to the fence:

Designs of various shapes and purposes can be found on the territory of country houses and summer cottages. One of the most common are canopies, which are a roof mounted on racks without walls.

Purpose and design of canopies

Similar designs are used to solve a wide range of different problems. They are installed in parking areas to protect the latter from precipitation, dust, and sunlight. In addition, canopies are mounted along the walls of the house to protect the porch or provide additional shading to the southern sides. Under such shelter it is convenient to make summer kitchens, patios, and install barbecues and barbecues.

According to their design, all canopies can be divided into several groups:

1. Depending on location:

attached to buildings;

free-standing;

2. according to the shape of the roof:

single-pitched;

gable;

with a radial or sloping roof;

3. According to the base material used:

metal;

wooden.

The modern building materials market has significantly expanded the capabilities of home craftsmen. This also applies to the issue of making a canopy with your own hands. The abundance of available lumber has allowed for the increased use of wood as a material for studs and floors. The presence of a welding machine at the master’s disposal makes it possible to use metal profile pipes for installing a steel frame.

As a roofing material for sheds, one has practically supplanted all others. We are talking about polycarbonate, which combines such important performance qualities as weather resistance, mechanical strength, flexibility and ease of installation. It can be perfectly cut into individual parts using an electric jigsaw or a stationery knife. The final choice of cutting tool depends on the thickness of the panels used, which are quite large. The sheets are easily attached using self-tapping screws to a base made of any material - plastic, wood or metal, and can also be glued to each other using polyurethane adhesives.

A special feature of working with polycarbonate is the need to install parts with vertical channels, which is associated with the possibility of condensation accumulating in them.

DIY wooden canopy

If you make your own canopy, you should start by marking the land. Determine the optimal dimensions of the structure, location of supports and their number. Where the posts are to be installed, dig or drill holes large enough for the base to be concreted. Select the height of the canopy depending on the purpose and design features.

When making an attached canopy, we will install the support beam directly on the wall of the house. To do this, you can use bolts or threaded rods installed in through holes. The cross-section of the parts is 50 x 70 or 50 x 100 mm. Taking into account the thickness of the walls, we select the length of the fasteners.

Their number depends on the length and height of the canopy. It is not advisable to place the bolts closer than 1-1.5 meters from each other.

We connect the horizontal and vertical bars to each other using self-tapping screws and steel overhead plates. To increase strength, you can make a small insertion of the racks into the support bar.

Similarly, we make a U-shaped truss to make the opposite support. To ensure moisture drainage, the height of the support farthest from the wall should be 30-40 cm less than the support attached to the wall. It is convenient to assemble the farm directly on the ground and install it already assembled.

At the top of the support beam, fasten metal fasteners at equal intervals for installing rafter joists.

Saw off the required number of parts with a section of 50x100. When determining their length, take into account the small outlet (approx. 50 cm). Having prepared the rafters, we proceed to their installation.

Install the rafter system boards on edge. This will give maximum strength to the entire structure. This is especially true in the middle zone and in the northern regions, where sufficient snow falls in winter. With a small roof slope angle, the entire load will be distributed between the supporting trusses and the roof truss system.

Having secured the rafters between the trusses, we also fasten sheathing bars of a smaller cross-section at equal intervals.

Having prepared the base for the roof, we begin its installation. We recommend using transparent or painted polycarbonate as a material in the form of separate strips.

The length of the sheets must correspond to the length of the roof slope. Polycarbonate can be fastened end-to-end with or without gluing the seams. It is better to use special connecting profiles for this, also attached to the sheathing. It is not recommended to overlap parts to avoid excessive stress in the material, which can lead to its destruction due to temperature changes.

The sheets must be secured using self-tapping screws equipped with special thermal washers that do not prevent possible thermal displacements of the material. Installation of self-tapping screws is carried out in pre-drilled holes with a pitch of about 40 cm. It is strictly forbidden to drill polycarbonate sheets through the partition between the honeycombs. When installing, try to screw in the screws without excessive pressure to avoid creasing the sheets and destroying them.

The disadvantage of polycarbonate, like many other roofing materials, is their increased noise generation during wind or precipitation. One way to reduce this effect is to use special foam inserts installed directly along the rafters under the sheets.

If you are installing a gable roof, do not forget to purchase special ridge profiles that cover the corner joint of the sheets.

The technology for installing a canopy made of metal profile pipes is generally similar to working on a wooden structure. The only peculiarity is the connection of metal parts with a weld. Installation of polycarbonate to metal is carried out similarly.

Dear readers, if you have any questions, please ask them using the form below. We will be glad to communicate with you;)

Comments20 comments

Good afternoon. I have several questions:
1) What kind of wall is the house?
2) How did you attach the timber to the wall of the house?

To attach a horizontal support board to a house lined with siding, you need to determine where the vertical posts of the frame to which the siding itself is attached go. Rarely is this distance more than half a meter, as this is dictated by the standard dimensions of the insulation. Whatever is used for this, by pressing on the siding, you can determine the location of the vertical posts in any way. Mark them lightly with a pencil along the entire width of your canopy. Screwed to this frame through the siding in the place where the profile is closest to the wall with self-tapping screws, the support board will definitely withstand a possible snow load directed strictly vertically. In order to ensure that there are no forces tearing it away from the house, you will need to take care that the external posts of the canopy are well secured and have sufficient bending strength so that during operation they do not have the opportunity to deviate from the vertical and work to tear the board you attached from the house . It is even possible that they initially slightly deviate from the vertical towards the house, so that they seem to push the entire canopy towards the house. And everything will work unambiguously if you carefully read the article and do not underestimate the cross-sectional dimensions of the materials used.

Good afternoon!
It's easier for you. I have a cinder block wall. I think it would be better to attach the board to the wall.

Vitaly, do you have a piece of the exact cinder block from which the house was built left in the corner of your yard? If there is, experiment - that’s the whole question. The fact is that cinder block is different from cinder block. Off the top of my head, an anchor bolt that goes 8-10 cm into the block should hold it quite normally, but this is not a fact if the cinder block is loose. You can also make a so-called chemical anchor or something similar with alabaster. To do this: mark the support beam and drill holes in it; using it as a template, transfer the markings to the wall; Next, drill holes in the cinder blocks to a depth of 10-12 cm and, rotating the drill, make a widening in depth to form a cone with a narrow neck. Prepare fastening screws of the appropriate length with deep threads, alabaster and wire suitable in diameter to the thread profile of the screws. Screw it tightly onto the threaded part. Dilute the alabaster thickly enough, fill the resulting conical holes and insert screws with wire wound onto the threads strictly in the center. After hardening, unscrew the screws along the threads. There is nothing further to explain. The connection will be very reliable. Don't rush the attachment and don't over tighten it.

Thank you for the advice, I'll try it.

Good afternoon
Please advise the cross-section of the rafters, the distance from the racks to the house is 1.8 m, for corrugated sheeting.

Hello, Victor. In your case, rafters 50x100 or 40x120 (150) are suitable, because the span is small. The length of a standard board is 4500, if you take into account the required margin in length, then + 10 cm. In total, by trimming it on both sides and dividing it in half, you will get a length of the sling of 2300. At the same time, the overhang, taking into account the thickness of the longitudinal beam, will be 400 mm, which is normal for a canopy. Just don't make the slope too small. Advice: having trimmed the board on both sides, divide it in half and saw it at an angle of contact with the wall of the house through the central point, and if you have a wall made of material in which fasteners hold well, you can not screw a horizontal support beam to it, but immediately attach metal pockets , into which you will insert the logs. And do not make the pitch of the rafters more than 60 - 70 cm, so that the lath does not bend under the snow.

Everything is very detailed. Thank you. How much is the distance between the supports? I'm going to make 4 meters. The beam is made from a 50 by 150 board. They say it will bend. The roof is metal tile. Thank you.

Canopy length is about 5 meters

Good afternoon. Please tell me if it is possible for a carport, having secured a horizontal beam to the wall of a NEW wooden house, not to concrete the vertical posts (as everyone does), but to install them on a rigid base, making the bottom frame. The house will probably shrink, deform, and it is not known what the consequences will be. As professionals, what do you recommend? Thank you.

Yes, you are absolutely right, a wooden house will definitely shrink, and maybe not a little, depending on the quality and condition of the wood from which it is assembled. Your decision to make external vertical posts with a bottom frame perfectly solves the problem of the integrity of the canopy structure, and this is exactly what you need to try to achieve. The fact is that a wooden house shrinks unevenly. It depends on the location on the cardinal points, and on the heating devices located inside the house, and on the same type, cross-section, nature and method of processing the wood. Therefore, oblique distortions may also occur. I would treat the mentioned lower frame with something water-repellent and place it on a bulk temporary foundation with good drainage: I would dig a hole 25 - 30 cm wide to a depth of half a meter, line its bottom and walls with geotextiles that allow water to pass through, but prevent the growth of plants, and fill it up or 2 fractions of crushed stone 5 - 10 and 20 - 40 (you can add a little sand - up to 15%). On this base I would install external posts with anchors tied around them. The anchor would be made from a rod or reinforcement 10-12 mm long, at least 700-800 mm, or better yet, a meter. I would drive it into the ground at an angle of 70-75 degrees, scattering in different directions, and bend the hooks to the harness. This will prevent the wind from lifting your awning off the ground. The number of anchors is determined by its dimensions, but it is better not to save money here. I would fasten it to the house not very rigidly, but often with powerful self-tapping screws with a diameter of at least 6 mm and periodically check for the absence of large distortions, and if necessary, twist these fasteners. The holes from it can easily be sealed with wooden plugs using PVA glue. If you work carefully it will not be noticeable. But when the house finally settles (although there will be slight fluctuations throughout its life), I would build a normal foundation, using the material previously laid in the foundation, but with cement.

You probably did not understand my question. This article does not say a word about the foundation at all. I am not an expert in construction, but on my site almost everything was done with my own hands. And now I need advice (answer) from a professional, because... the case is not standard, i.e. Is it possible, by attaching the horizontal beam to the house on which the rafters are attached, and the vertical posts (on the opposite side), on which the rafters are also attached, NOT TO BE DEEPEN, NOT CONCRETED, but simply installed on a hard surface.

Sorry, I don’t really understand why dig holes if the bottom trim runs along the entire length of the frame. Maybe dig a trench, or did I not understand something? I don’t quite understand about the two factions. What do the numbers 5-10 and 20-40 mean? Thank you.

You probably didn’t understand my answer, but I appreciate your desire to get to the bottom of it. I recommended a comprehensive solution to this problem, in which I said that you don’t have to make a foundation, but you still need to firmly attach the bottom trim to the ground so that the wind doesn’t blow your canopy away, tearing it away from the house. And instead of a foundation, he recommended making a drainage pad that actively removes water from the piping so that it does not rot prematurely, and for this, digging a hole. You can do without drainage if the harness is not on the ground, but on an asphalt or concrete (hard) surface, but this did not follow from the question. The numbers indicate the crushed stone fraction - the size of granite pebbles (in millimeters). Pebbles of different sizes fill the volume better, and sand makes this filling even more dense - good support is obtained. The main thing: be sure to attach it to a hard surface, too.

Good afternoon. For God's sake, forgive me for being intrusive, but I am mainly worried not about the wind blowing away the canopy, but about damaging the cladding of the house or some other incident for the house. Thank you. Best regards, Eduard.

Forgive me for burdening you with my problem. I am more concerned about the condition of the house during shrinkage, rather than the canopy, which is why I am inclined to the free state of the vertical posts, i.e. do not fasten them. And the canopy worries me the least. Thank you.

Good day! We want to make a canopy over the entrance to the house. The design of the canopy is similar to yours, except for the shape of the canopy, ours is semicircular. Tell me how the connection to the siding wall should be made correctly to prevent moisture from entering.

This can only be achieved by installing the so-called. abutment strips. Type this phrase into a search engine and look at the pictures - you will understand everything. In the case of siding, I would recommend raising the top of such a strip by 15 centimeters so that melting snow does not creep up behind its edge, and laying a sealing tape (double-sided car tape, window PSUL, etc.) Extend the strip onto the roof according to the manufacturer’s recommendations roofing material, because I don't know what you are going to use and what the slope of the shed roof will be.

Hello Nikolaevich, I understand that a lot of time has passed, but maybe you can answer. Can you tell me what rafters are needed (by size). for a canopy: slope 3.2 m, width 9 m, canopy under corrugated sheets, Altai region.

In general, there are a lot of online calculators on the Internet to calculate rafters. Just type in a search engine: calculator for calculating rafters, and it will give you complete information on both their cross-section and pitch. You can even choose the type of wood. They are usually set to grade 2 pine.
In your case, I would take it in the form of beams with a section of 50 x 150 x 4000 (a large overhang would not interfere with such a structure, but it can also be reduced to the required size) and lay them in increments of 600 - 700 mm. In the first case, you will need 16 such rafters for the length of your canopy. It is clear that the rafters should be installed on edge. There is significant snow in Altai, so a small reserve from the section to compensate for the snow load will not hurt. The sheathing should be calculated based on the roofing material. Some calculators also have this option, but it is the rafter system that is important.

Absolutely any owner of a cottage or country house is faced with the need to arrange a canopy for his iron friend. This circumstance is due primarily to the versatility of the design, since it can be used not only for a car, but also for storing garden supplies and small technical devices. In addition to this, this building becomes of great relevance when it is necessary to park a vehicle for a short amount of time. In this article we will tell you how to make a metal carport with your own hands, provide step-by-step instructions, photos and video materials.

Before carrying out construction work, you should determine the future location of the canopy, its style, and decide on the purpose and type of structure being built. In addition, it is worth making a choice between a stationary and mobile type.

The advantages of a stationary building are practicality and durability, and a movable one is mobility. However, a movable canopy requires the manufacture of a durable frame, so it is built in rare cases when it is necessary to temporarily protect the car from precipitation, direct sunlight and dust.

According to the type of placement, canopies can be free-standing or built as an extension. Attached structures form a single structure with a nearby building and are often united by a common roof.

The roof of a free-standing canopy can be domed, arched, arched, pitched or gable.

Ordinary metal or profile pipes, brick and wood can be used as support pillars. At the same time, roofing materials also abound in variety: corrugated sheets, natural tiles, polycarbonate, metal tiles, etc.

The type of canopy and material determine the complexity and duration of installation of the structure. As a rule, for simpler and more economical assembly, metal profiles and corrugated sheets are used. The thickness of the pillars and ceilings is selected depending on the size of the structure and the expected load.

To successfully complete the task, it is necessary to draw up a rough sketch of the future canopy, prepare tools, purchase consumables and accessories. Required tools:

• building level and tape measure;
• grinder or saw for cutting metal;
• drill with a hammer drill and a set of drills and bits;
• riveter;
• metal screws or rivets.

A complete and objective assessment of the amount of consumables, as well as the required volume of fastening devices, depends on a clear drawing up of the drawing, so the preparation of this document should be treated with special attention. In addition, do not forget about safety precautions when working with metal products.

When starting work, it is worth preparing the site for the structure. To do this, according to the drawn up sketch, we level and compact the earth at the site of the proposed construction. Then we dig holes around the perimeter for support pillars with a depth of 50 to 100 cm. The recesses are equipped in such a way that a rectangle is obtained, usually in two rows of 2-3 holes.

The metal profile should be cut according to the number of support posts; their length should be 3 m. Depending on the type of structure you choose, the method of attaching the posts is determined. When constructing a stationary canopy, the supports are leveled and concreted, and when constructing a mobile analogue, additional cutting of metal pipes with a diameter slightly larger than that of the support pipe and a length equal to the depth of the foundation is required. The prepared metal sections are mounted in pits and filled with cement mortar. Then a profile is inserted into each of the pipe scraps. Holes are drilled in the pipe and profile and the entire support is bolted together.

To add rigidity and prevent premature destruction, you can use the described protective “casings” when arranging a stationary structure. The only difference from mobile awnings will be that the profile must be welded to a metal pipe.

Roofs are either solid or collapsible. Their main difference lies in the method of fastening the elements to each other: in the first case, the components are welded, and in the second, they are bolted together. In addition, structures are single-pitch and double-pitch.

Using the example of a non-removable gable roof, we will consider the technology of its installation. You will need to weld pieces of a metal profile to the support pillars so that you get a regular rectangular frame. Then, we proceed to welding the rafters. On the ground, we weld pieces of a metal profile to the beam on one side and the other in increments of 1 m at an angle of no more than 30º. It is important to consider that the resulting structure should protrude somewhat beyond the welded upper frame. Next, we place the welded elements on the support rectangle and weld them at the joints.

To simplify the procedure for constructing a roof frame, the metal rectangular base, located on supports, should be reinforced with transverse beams in the center of each side. Then we weld 20–30 cm sections of profile pipe to the central safety beam, which will act as a support for the future skate. Next, we use pipes from the profile to fasten the extended sections to each other and to the rectangular base.

Having finished installing the frame, we proceed to covering it with corrugated sheeting. The sheets are fastened directly to the prepared frame on the rafters, overlapping each other using rivets, self-tapping screws or bolts.

When making a carport yourself, it is important to follow the instructions and observe the dimensions of the component elements reflected in the prepared drawings based on accurate calculations. All these conditions, combined with the right approach and due diligence, will allow you to build a quality metal shed.

Video

This video explains in more detail the intricacies of making a metal canopy:

Photo

In the photographs you can see various options for arranging a metal canopy:

Scheme

If you decide to make a metal canopy, then the provided diagram can help you in making a structure suitable for you:

Almost every craftsman who knows how to handle a tool at least a little can build a canopy with his own hands. To do this, you need to consider the whole process step by step. There are many options for such buildings. They differ in functionality, durability and scope of application. Features of the construction of canopies, as well as recommendations from experienced craftsmen, will be discussed further.

Varieties

The construction of sheds is a responsible undertaking. There are many options for such designs. They can be autonomous and located at a distance from the house. Such a canopy serves as a place to relax in a country house or garden. Often awnings are attached directly to the wall of the house. In this case, the structure can perform several functions. For example, it could be a carport, a covered area for children's games, a recreation area for adults, etc. There are many options for using such buildings.

If the structure is located at a certain distance from the house, it can be single-pitch or gable. More complex roofing options are rarely installed with your own hands. The canopy that is built near the house usually has only one inclined slope. The main types of canopy roof shapes are as follows:

• semicircular;
• rectangular or square with one inclined or straight slope;
• triangular gable;
• wrong shape.

The construction of the canopy roof, as well as its supports, can be made of different materials. The durability, strength and aesthetics of the building depend on this. The supports can be made of wood or metal pipes. Some craftsmen use plastic for these purposes. However, this material is only suitable for roofs made of very light materials. However, such a structure will be fragile. It is better to attach it directly to the wall of the house.

A canopy built on the side of the terrace looks impressive. Its roof will create a shadow at the entrance to the house. As a result, it won't be as hot inside. If you need to park the car in a secluded, shaded place, it is also recommended to build a canopy.

A roof of such a design can be made of the following materials:

• tree;
• polycarbonate;
• reed;
• metal;
• other roofing materials;
• impact-resistant glass;
• textile.

If you plan to create a canopy for a summer kitchen, it is better to use a metal frame and non-combustible materials for its construction. When creating such a structure over a pool, it is better to give preference to a canopy that is not afraid of dampness.

Features of construction

There are certain standards for building a canopy. Such a structure should not place additional load on the foundation of the house if it is attached to one of its walls. Any canopy should not affect the design features and safety of the buildings to which they are adjacent.

This is a relatively light structure. It may be classified as an auxiliary building. However, carports, including carports, should not be an object of business activity. This is a relatively simple structure, which is often built in a country house or garden.

It is worth noting that permission to build a canopy is not required (Article 51 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation). However, it is worth understanding which building may fall into this category. For example, a garage and a carport have a number of differences. A canopy can have a maximum of 3 closed walls. All the walls of the garage are closed. It has a wide opening for vehicle entry. In order for a canopy not to be recognized as a capital structure (and not need to obtain permission for its construction), it must meet the following requirements:

• can be moved without causing serious damage to the structure;
• is collapsible;
• has no foundation;
• has no fixed communications (except electrical);
• is not an object of movable property.

If the building meets the listed requirements, it is considered temporary. In this case, you do not need to obtain permission for its construction. This must be remembered when planning the procedure for erecting a canopy.

It is also worth noting that some sheds have a foundation as they are built from heavy materials. However, this does not mean at all that such a structure can be considered capital. If only one condition from the list is not met, this does not give the right to recognize the canopy as a capital structure. However, if there are two or more non-conformities, it can be recognized as a permanent structure. In this case, the canopy will be considered as a self-construction object. It will be subject to dismantling.

Material selection

You can build a canopy with your own hands from different materials. First of all, you need to pay attention to the wood. This material is the easiest to process. You can easily build almost any structure from it. When properly processed, this material will be durable.

Natural wood looks impressive. This canopy will fit harmoniously into any landscape design. If it is created near the house, it is worth taking into account the design features of the facade. Typically, wood is most suitable for a summer house or country cottage when it comes to creating such a structure.

The disadvantage of natural material is its susceptibility to adverse weather conditions. At the same time, wood is susceptible to burning. Therefore, before starting construction work, it must be treated with a fire retardant and antimicrobial agents.

All elements must be fixed using bolts or special screws. This work can be done even by a novice master who has never created such buildings before. It is worth considering that wood, if properly processed, can last for several decades without requiring repairs. To do this, you need to use dry boards or laminated veneer lumber during construction work.

The construction of a carport or other purposes can be made of metal. The frame is assembled from a profile using a bolted connection or from pipes using welding. To make bends, you will need to use a special tool. This is a pipe bender. It is worth noting that metal structures are more expensive. In this case, the metal must be constantly tinted, protecting it from the adverse effects of weather conditions. But metal supports can support a roof of greater weight.

Drawing

Whether you plan to build a shed with a pitched roof adjacent to the house, or a free-standing structure with a semicircular roof, it is necessary to create a drawing. This is a plan that reflects the exact number of structural elements and their size to scale. A canopy will subsequently be built on it.

The drawing indicates how many support posts are required, as well as what cross-section they will have. This indicator depends on the size of the canopy. The weight of the structure and roofing material is also taken into account. It is important to take into account the snow and wind load in a given area when making calculations. It is worth noting that if frequent, heavy snowfalls occur here, then it is better to make a slope with a large slope. If strong winds blow in a given area, preference is given to a flat roof.

Lack of supports leads to sagging of the roofing material. Therefore, the total load must be taken into account. If the number of supports is too large, this will result in additional expenses.

If you plan to make a relatively small canopy (about 2-3 m in length), which will be attached to the house, you can get by with just 2 racks. However, for a structure that will be located separately from the house, the number of supports increases to 4 pieces. This is true for the construction of polycarbonate canopies. However, when using heavy materials as flooring, it is worth increasing the number of supports to 6 pieces. If you plan to build a canopy about 6 m long, then the pitch of the support posts should be 1.2-1.5 m.

If you plan to use lightweight roofing material, the rafter system can be assembled from small-diameter timber or metal profiles. In this case, the step between structural elements may be less frequent. If you plan to use tiles for finishing, you need to choose more powerful materials. Their step will be frequent.

For support posts, timber with a cross-sectional size of 15×15 cm or 14×14 cm is most often purchased. For the rafter system, material should be purchased 15×5 cm, and for the jib - 9×9 cm. It is extremely important that the supports stand exactly vertical .

The construction of a garage canopy can be made from metal pipes. To do this, you will need to purchase pillars 10x10 cm or 8x8 cm. To create a rafter truss, you need to purchase metal structures with a cross section of 4x10 cm and 4x4 cm. The main supports must be thick. Additional structural elements may be thinner. If desired, over time the pipes can be lined with stone (natural or artificial) or brick.

Installation of wooden supports and rafters

Construction for a car, summer kitchen or recreation area begins with the installation of supports. After creating a drawing and purchasing materials, you need to start working. Markings are made on the site prepared for construction. Wedges are installed in those places where wooden posts will be installed. All structural elements made from natural material must be treated with a fire retardant and antiseptic.

Next, in the marked places you need to drill 50 cm deepenings. The lower edge of the support is treated with bitumen. It is installed in a recess. The free space is covered with crushed stone or filled with cement mortar. Using a plumb line, the verticality of their installation is checked. An auxiliary beam can be used for fixation. It will be dismantled over time.

From above, each pillar must be cut with a bevel at the same level in accordance with the roof configuration. The angle must be calculated at the drawing creation stage. The lower edge of the slope should be at least 1.8 m from the ground surface. You can make a higher canopy. Especially if the vehicle is large.

The construction of a wooden carport necessarily involves the creation of a rafter system. For this purpose timber is used. The distance between the rafters should be about 1 m. One side will be attached to the wall or a special rack, the second - to the racks of the support pillars.

The elements of the rafter system are connected using self-tapping screws and steel angles. If you want to fix the structure to a wall made of stone or brick, you should purchase metal anchors or dowels. You will also need metal corners.

Completion of construction

The construction of wooden sheds takes relatively little time. After erecting the rafter system, you need to make the sheathing. It is stuffed perpendicularly. The sheathing must be fixed directly to the beams of the rafter system. The sheathing is made from edged boards. Its thickness should be 3 cm. The boards should be distributed at a distance of 90 cm. If the roofing material is soft, a continuous sheathing is created. In other cases, the frequency depends on the characteristics of the material. It is worth noting that the distance should be calculated in accordance with the characteristics of slate, polycarbonate sheets, metal tiles and other types of materials. The boards should run in the center and at the joints of the sheets.

Next, you can install the roofing material. There is no need to lay a layer of insulation underneath. If it is slate, it is screwed along the top of the wave. For this, galvanized screws are used. Their heads need to be fixed flush. It is better to place special washers under the heads. They are made of plastic.

The construction of wooden sheds often involves the use of metal slate. This is a practical material that is known for its durability. It is necessary to very accurately measure the position of the first sheet. Otherwise, the flooring will be skewed. You need to start from the bottom. When the first sheet is securely fixed, the second is laid on it. It must be overlapped.

When the bottom row is created, the material for the second row is fixed in the same way. Not only each subsequent sheet is overlapped, but also the second and first rows.

Almost any roofing material is suitable for finishing. If a canopy is attached to a house, it is better to make it from the same flooring as the roof of the house. This way the design will look more harmonious.

Reed roof

The construction of wooden sheds can be completed with a very exotic finish. For example, it could be reeds. This type of structural finishing is more often used for dachas in the southern regions. If there is a pond nearby with a lot of reeds growing on it, this option will be one of the possible ones.

To create a reed roof, you need to properly prepare the material. It will harmoniously complement the wooden structure. Moreover, such a roof can be on a canopy, either attached to the house or standing separately. The second option is preferable, since the reeds do not always harmonize with the facade of the main house.

The construction of a lean-to canopy from reeds is easier than covering a gable roof with this material. However, if desired, you can even make round buildings from it. First you need to properly prepare the material. The reeds are cut with a knife. The inflorescences are removed. The stems are laid out in the sun. They need to be dried very well.

When the material is completely dry, it is impregnated with a fire-fighting compound (the same as wooden structures). Reed is a highly flammable material. Therefore, such requirements cannot be neglected. The impregnation is poured into a spray bottle. This will make applying it to natural material much easier and faster. The stems should dry out again.

Next, the material is treated with an antiseptic. After this, you need to dry the wet reeds again. These actions significantly extend the life of the roof. Impregnations usually remain after processing wooden structures. Therefore, this procedure does not require additional costs.

Reeds are tied into bundles using ropes. The thickness of each of them should be about 10 cm. The bundles are laid close to one another. There should be dense waterproofing underneath them. When all the bundles are laid out, they are additionally strengthened with rope. They wrap it around the entire roof, overlapping it several times. Next, fixation is carried out with self-tapping screws along the edge and in the center of the canopy. This way the entire structure will be firmly fixed to the base.

Metal pipes

The construction of carports can be made of metal pipes or profiles. First, a drawing is also created, the weight of the roof and the distance between the supports are calculated. The best looking canopy is one that is supported on pipes with a diameter of 5 cm. The wall thickness should be about 3 mm.

To create supports when building a canopy for a house, pipes 3.5 m long are most often used. They must be installed strictly vertically. Their edge should be at the same height for each support.

To install the posts, you will need to dig holes. Their depth is 50 cm. Next, a flange needs to be welded to the pipes at the top. It can be perforated or solid. This element will be required later for the installation of the roof truss.

Sand and gravel are poured into the prepared holes. Each layer should be 5 cm. They are compacted well. Waterproofing is laid down. Then the supports are installed (strictly vertically). To fix them in the holes, you will need to secure them with several large stones. Next, concrete is poured into the holes.

If you plan to create a collapsible structure, metal pins are driven into the ground. They should go to a depth of at least 80 cm. The supports will be bolted to them. If necessary, the latches can be unscrewed and the canopy can be disassembled by folding it inside the house.

Truss construction and finishing

Next you need to build farms. These are right triangles made from reinforcement. Each pair of support posts requires its own truss. They are installed on the ends of the racks. Next, they need to be lightly welded. After adjustments, they are finally fixed. Most often, the construction of polycarbonate canopies involves the installation of a metal structure. 4 reinforcing rods are welded between the trusses. The sheathing is mounted on them and the corrugated sheet is fixed.

If desired, you can finish the canopy from any other roofing materials. This could be metal tiles, corrugated sheets or slate. Soft roofing materials are more suitable for continuous wooden sheathing of a timber rafter system.

After installation, all metal elements of the structure are primed and then covered with 2 layers of special protective paint. The procedure will need to be performed once a season. Otherwise, the metal will rust and break down.

Pool canopy

The construction of sheds is often required near the pool. On a hot day, you can get sunburn from being in water for a long time. Therefore, for these purposes, canopies made of synthetic materials are installed. These, for example, could be ordinary plastic pipes.

In this case, the support pillars will be able to support the weight of polycarbonate flooring or special fabric that does not allow precipitation to pass through. This canopy is very easy to assemble. First you will need to dig holes to install the supports. This will be a portable, lightweight design. Therefore, the depth of the holes can be only 30 cm. Next, the supports are installed. For this purpose, plastic pipes (for outdoor installation) with a diameter of 110 or 50 mm are used. The roof is also made from pipes. In this case, different angles, turns and adapters are used.

When the structure is assembled, polycarbonate sheets can be attached to the top using self-tapping screws. To prevent water from rain from getting inside through the holes created by the fasteners, you can install rubber washers under them. It is also possible to coat these places with silicone.

You can also cover the tent with a special tarpaulin. In this case, dismantling the structure will be simple and quick. You can also use film for these purposes.

Having considered the features of the construction of canopies, you can create a similar structure with your own hands. It can serve different purposes.